Paraiba tourmaline is a mesmerizing gemstone known for its vivid and captivating blue-green color. Its rarity and unique color make it one of the most sought-after gemstones in the world of jewelry. Discovered in the late 1980s in Brazil, Paraiba tourmaline quickly became a symbol of luxury and exclusivity. However, with its popularity came an influx of imitations and treatments. In this article, we will explore the characteristics that help identify genuine Paraiba tourmaline and distinguish it from its look-alikes.
1. The Origins of Paraiba Tourmaline
Paraiba tourmaline gets its name from the Brazilian state of Paraiba, where it was first discovered in 1989. The gemstone owes its remarkable color to the presence of copper and manganese within its crystal structure. This combination creates a mesmerizing glow that is reminiscent of the blue-green hues found in the tropical oceans.
Since its discovery, Paraiba tourmaline has also been found in other locations, including Nigeria and Mozambique. These new sources, known as “Paraiba-type” tourmalines, share similar color properties with the original Brazilian Paraiba stones.
2. The Vivid Color
The most distinguishing feature of Paraiba tourmaline is its breathtaking color. Genuine Paraiba tourmaline exhibits an electrifying neon blue or green hue, often described as “electric” or “neon” in intensity. The gem’s color can range from turquoise blue to a mesmerizing bluish-green, with some stones even displaying hints of purple. This exceptional color is due to the presence of copper in the crystal lattice, which filters out certain wavelengths of light, enhancing the blue and green colors.
It’s important to note that the color of Paraiba tourmaline is highly dependent on lighting conditions. Under natural daylight or LED lighting, the gemstone’s color appears most vibrant. In contrast, under incandescent or fluorescent lighting, the color may appear slightly different.
3. Fluorescence
Paraiba tourmaline is unique in its fluorescence properties. When exposed to ultraviolet (UV) light, genuine Paraiba tourmaline exhibits a strong and distinctive neon glow. This fluorescence is a reliable indicator of the gemstone’s authenticity and helps distinguish it from other tourmaline varieties.
A reliable method for identifying Paraiba tourmaline is to examine it under a UV lamp or black light. The gemstone’s fluorescence should emit a vivid glow, further enhancing its allure and rarity.
4. Copper and Manganese Content
The chemical composition of Paraiba tourmaline plays a crucial role in its color and identification. Copper is primarily responsible for the gem’s blue and green hues, while manganese is responsible for any purple undertones observed in some stones.
Laboratory tests can determine the presence and concentration of copper and manganese in a gemstone. These tests, along with the gem’s other characteristics, help gemologists confirm its authenticity as Paraiba tourmaline.
5. Clarity and Inclusions
Paraiba tourmalines are generally eye-clean, meaning they have no visible inclusions to the naked eye. However, due to their rarity, some Paraiba tourmalines may have minor inclusions, especially in larger sizes. These inclusions should not significantly affect the gem’s overall beauty or value.
It’s essential to inspect the gemstone under proper lighting and with the assistance of a loupe or microscope to check for any inclusions that may not be visible to the naked eye.
6. Origin Verification
Since Paraiba tourmalines from different locations share similar color properties, it can be challenging to determine the gemstone’s exact origin without proper documentation or certification. Brazilian Paraiba tourmalines are generally the most valuable due to their historical significance and limited supply. However, Paraiba-type tourmalines from Nigeria and Mozambique can also exhibit similar colors and may be more accessible in the market.
Certification from reputable gemological laboratories can provide valuable information about a Paraiba tourmaline’s origin, as well as its color, clarity, and treatments (if any).
7. Price and Rarity
Paraiba tourmaline’s mesmerizing color and limited supply contribute to its high value and desirability. Genuine Paraiba tourmalines can command premium prices, especially for stones with intense and vivid colors, large sizes, and excellent clarity.
When evaluating the price of a Paraiba tourmaline, factors such as color intensity, clarity, size, and origin all play significant roles. Brazilian Paraiba tourmalines are generally the most valuable due to their historical significance and scarcity, but Paraiba-type tourmalines from other sources can also be valuable and beautiful gemstones.
8. Certificates and Appraisals
When purchasing a Paraiba tourmaline, it’s essential to obtain a certificate or appraisal from a reputable gemological laboratory or a qualified gemologist. A certificate will provide detailed information about the gemstone’s characteristics, including its color, clarity, cut, carat weight, and any treatments it may have undergone.
Reputable certifications ensure that the gemstone’s identity and quality have been verified by professionals, giving you confidence in your purchase.
9. Beware of Imitations and Treatments
Due to the high value and demand for Paraiba tourmaline, there are imitations and treatments in the market. Some gemstones may undergo treatments to enhance their color or mimic the appearance of Paraiba tourmaline.
Common imitations include:
Copper-bearing tourmalines: Some tourmalines from other sources may contain traces of copper, resulting in similar colors to Paraiba tourmaline. However, the neon glow under UV light is a distinguishing feature of genuine Paraiba tourmaline.
Glass-filled tourmalines: Some low-quality tourmalines or other gemstones may be treated with glass filling to enhance their color. These treatments can significantly affect the gemstone’s durability and value.
Synthetic tourmalines: Man-made or lab-created tourmalines can mimic the appearance of genuine Paraiba tourmaline. However, they lack the rarity and value of natural gemstones.
To ensure you are purchasing a genuine Paraiba tourmaline, it’s essential to buy from reputable jewelers or dealers who can provide proper documentation and certifications.
Conclusion
Paraiba tourmaline is a mesmerizing and rare gemstone that has captured the hearts of gem enthusiasts worldwide. Its breathtaking blue-green color, intense fluorescence, and limited supply make it a highly sought-after gem for collectors and jewelry lovers alike.
When identifying Paraiba tourmaline, look for its vibrant color, strong fluorescence under UV light, and the presence of copper and manganese in its chemical composition. It’s essential to obtain proper certification and documentation from reputable gemological laboratories or qualified gemologists to ensure the gemstone’s authenticity and quality.
Remember that Paraiba tourmaline is a valuable and precious gem, so it’s crucial to buy from trusted sources to guarantee the gem’s authenticity and to fully appreciate its rare beauty and allure. With proper care and appreciation, Paraiba tourmaline can be a treasured gemstone that brings joy and admiration for generations to come.
