Tanzanite, with its captivating blue-violet hues, has captured the hearts of gemstone enthusiasts worldwide. However, this rare and mesmerizing gemstone is also a target for counterfeiters. Determining the authenticity of tanzanite can be a daunting task, but with the right knowledge and techniques, you can confidently tell if tanzanite is real. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore various methods and considerations to help you distinguish genuine tanzanite from its imitations.
1. Understand Tanzanite’s Origin
To tell if tanzanite is real, start by understanding its origin. Tanzanite is exclusively found in Tanzania, near Mount Kilimanjaro. Its discovery in the 1960s sparked immense interest in the gemstone. Counterfeiters often claim tanzanite-like stones are from different locations, so always inquire about the stone’s source.
2. Verify the Color
Tanzanite’s unique color is one of its defining features. Real tanzanite exhibits a mesmerizing trichroic effect, displaying different shades of blue and violet when viewed from various angles. Counterfeit stones often lack this color-changing property and may appear too blue or purple without the subtle shifts.
3. Check for Inclusions
Inclusions, or internal characteristics, can provide valuable clues to tell if tanzanite is real. Authentic tanzanite typically contains inclusions such as fingerprint-like patterns, tiny crystals, or veils. Counterfeit stones are often too clean or contain obvious bubbles and flaws.
4. Examine the Transparency
Tanzanite is typically transparent to translucent. Hold the stone up to light; real tanzanite will allow some light to pass through, creating a pleasant glow. Fake tanzanite may appear cloudy or overly opaque, indicating it might be a different gemstone or a synthetic tanzanite.
5. Assess the Refractive Index
A gemstone’s refractive index measures how light bends when passing through it. Tanzanite’s refractive index falls within the range of 1.691 to 1.700. You can use a refractometer to check this value. If it deviates significantly from this range, it may not be genuine tanzanite.
6. Perform a Scratch Test
While not recommended for valuable gemstones, a scratch test can be a preliminary step to tell if tanzanite is real. Tanzanite ranks at approximately 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale of hardness. If you can easily scratch the surface with a material less hard than that, it might not be genuine.
7. Seek Professional Certification
One of the most reliable ways to confirm tanzanite’s authenticity is to obtain a certificate from a reputable gemological laboratory. These certificates provide detailed information about the stone’s characteristics, including its origin and any treatments it has undergone.
8. Observe Color Change under Different Lighting
Authentic tanzanite’s color may vary under different lighting conditions. It can appear more violet under incandescent lighting and bluer under natural daylight. Counterfeit stones may not exhibit this color shift or may do so less convincingly.
9. Inspect the Cut
The cut of a tanzanite can reveal much about its authenticity. Genuine tanzanite is often cut to maximize its color and brilliance, with facets strategically placed to accentuate its unique qualities. Counterfeit stones may have less precise cuts and may lack the vibrant play of colors.
10. Beware of Heavily Treated Stones
Some tanzanite is subjected to treatments to enhance its color and clarity. While treated tanzanite can still be valuable, you should be aware of any treatments when purchasing. Heat treatment is common and generally accepted, but excessive treatments may affect the stone’s value.
11. Compare Prices and Sources
Comparing prices and sources can help you tell if tanzanite is real. If a deal seems too good to be true, it probably is. Real tanzanite is rare and valuable, so be cautious of sellers offering it at significantly discounted prices.
12. Consult an Expert
When in doubt, consult a professional gemologist or jeweler with experience in tanzanite. They can use specialized tools and their expertise to determine the gemstone’s authenticity.
13. Understand Tanzanite Alternatives
To tell if tanzanite is real, it’s essential to know its common imitations and alternatives. Blue sapphires, blue topaz, and synthetic spinels are often used to mimic tanzanite’s color. Familiarize yourself with these gemstones to avoid confusion.
14. Trust Your Instincts
Finally, trust your instincts. If something feels off about the tanzanite you’re considering, take a step back and investigate further. Authentic tanzanite is a precious gem, and it’s worth taking the time to ensure you’re getting the real deal.
In conclusion, determining the authenticity of tanzanite requires a combination of knowledge, observation, and sometimes professional assistance. By understanding its origin, assessing its color, inclusions, and transparency, and being aware of common imitations, you can confidently tell if tanzanite is real. Whether you’re a seasoned gemstone enthusiast or a novice collector, these guidelines will help you make informed decisions when acquiring this exquisite gemstone.
