Natural rubies are among the most prized and valuable gemstones, revered for their vibrant red hue, rarity, and historical significance. These gemstones are symbols of passion, protection, and prosperity and have been cherished by royalty and collectors for centuries. However, like all fine jewelry, natural rubies require proper care to maintain their brilliance and longevity. Cleaning a ruby is not merely about preserving its beauty; it’s about safeguarding its structure and enhancing its value over time.
Understanding Natural Ruby and Its Composition
Before exploring the cleaning process, it’s essential to understand what makes a natural ruby so unique. Rubies belong to the corundum family, which also includes sapphires. The red color of rubies is due to the presence of chromium, and the intensity of this red hue can vary, with the most sought-after being a deep, vibrant “pigeon blood” red. Rubies are one of the hardest gemstones, rated 9 on the Mohs scale, just below diamonds, which means they are incredibly durable. However, despite their toughness, rubies can still be susceptible to damage if not cared for properly, particularly from abrasive materials or harsh chemicals.
The Importance of Proper Ruby Care
Rubies are often passed down through generations, making them not just a piece of jewelry but a family heirloom. Improper cleaning can lead to scratches, fading, or even fractures, diminishing the gemstone’s value and beauty. Understanding the correct methods of cleaning and maintenance is crucial for anyone who owns or works with natural rubies. Whether the ruby is set in a piece of jewelry or is a loose stone, the cleaning techniques discussed in this article are designed to preserve its luster and integrity for years to come.
The Basics of Ruby Cleaning
Understanding When to Clean Your Ruby
One of the first steps in ruby maintenance is knowing when the gemstone needs cleaning. Over time, oils from the skin, lotions, and environmental pollutants can dull the ruby’s shine. If your ruby jewelry looks less vibrant or if dirt has accumulated in the setting, it’s time for a clean. Regular cleaning, depending on the frequency of wear, helps in maintaining the gemstone’s appearance and preventing the buildup of grime that could be harder to remove later on.
Gathering the Necessary Materials
Before you begin the cleaning process, gather the following materials:
Mild Dish Soap: Avoid harsh chemicals or acidic cleaners that can damage the ruby.
Lukewarm Water: Hot water can cause thermal shock, leading to fractures in the stone.
Soft-Bristled Toothbrush: Ideal for gently scrubbing the ruby without scratching it.
Soft Cloth: Microfiber or jewelry polishing cloths work best for drying and polishing.
Bowl: To mix the soap and water solution.
Optional: Ammonia: For a deeper clean, though it should be used sparingly and diluted properly.
Step-by-Step Guide to Cleaning Natural Ruby
1. Preparing the Cleaning Solution
Start by filling a small bowl with lukewarm water. Add a few drops of mild dish soap to the water and mix gently to create a soapy solution. The key here is to ensure the soap is completely dissolved to avoid any residue that could cling to the gemstone.
2. Soaking the Ruby
Place the ruby or ruby-set jewelry in the soapy water. Allow it to soak for about 15-20 minutes. This soaking period helps to loosen any dirt, oils, or residues that may be clinging to the stone or the setting. If the ruby is particularly dirty, you can extend the soaking time but be cautious not to leave it submerged for too long, especially if the ruby is set in a delicate setting or has any treatments applied.
3. Gently Scrubbing the Ruby
After soaking, remove the ruby from the solution and use a soft-bristled toothbrush to gently scrub the gemstone. Focus on the areas around the setting where dirt and oils are most likely to accumulate. Be gentle to avoid scratching the surface of the ruby, particularly if it has inclusions or is set in a vintage or intricate piece of jewelry. Scrubbing should be done in a circular motion, allowing the bristles to reach into the crevices.
4. Rinsing the Ruby
Once you’ve scrubbed the ruby, rinse it thoroughly under lukewarm running water to remove any soap residue. It’s essential to ensure that all the soap is washed away, as any leftover residue can dull the shine of the gemstone once it dries. Hold the ruby securely during this process to prevent it from slipping down the drain.
5. Drying and Polishing
After rinsing, gently pat the ruby dry with a soft, lint-free cloth. Avoid using paper towels or tissues, as these can scratch the gemstone. Once dry, use a microfiber or jewelry polishing cloth to buff the ruby gently, bringing out its natural luster. If the ruby is set in a piece of jewelry, take care to dry the metal setting thoroughly to prevent any moisture from causing tarnish or weakening the prongs.
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Advanced Ruby Cleaning Techniques
Using Ammonia for Deep Cleaning
For rubies that require a more thorough cleaning, a solution of diluted ammonia can be used. Mix one part ammonia with six parts water to create a mild cleaning solution. Soak the ruby in this mixture for about 10 minutes before gently scrubbing with a soft-bristled brush. Rinse the ruby thoroughly under running water afterward and dry it as described earlier.
Ultrasonic and Steam Cleaners: Use with Caution
Professional jewelers often use ultrasonic and steam cleaners to clean gemstones, but these methods can be risky for natural rubies, especially if the stone has inclusions or has been treated with heat or fracture filling. The intense vibrations and heat can cause internal damage or exacerbate existing fractures. If you choose to use these methods, it is advisable to consult with a professional jeweler first to ensure that your ruby is suitable for ultrasonic or steam cleaning.
Caring for Treated Rubies
Identifying Treated Rubies
Many rubies on the market undergo treatments to enhance their color and clarity. Common treatments include heat treatment, fracture filling with glass, or dyeing. It’s crucial to know if your ruby has been treated because these treatments can affect how the gemstone should be cleaned. For instance, rubies filled with lead glass can be particularly vulnerable to damage from harsh chemicals or extreme temperatures.
Cleaning Treated Rubies
For treated rubies, especially those that have undergone fracture filling, stick to the gentlest cleaning methods. Avoid ammonia, ultrasonic cleaners, and steam cleaners altogether, as these can damage the treatments and lead to the stone’s deterioration. Instead, rely on mild soap and water, gentle scrubbing, and careful drying to maintain the stone’s appearance.
Storage and Maintenance Tips for Natural Rubies
Storing Your Ruby Safely
How you store your ruby is just as important as how you clean it. To prevent scratches and damage, store your ruby separately from other gemstones. Ideally, keep it in a soft pouch or a fabric-lined jewelry box. If you own multiple pieces of ruby jewelry, make sure each piece is stored individually to avoid them rubbing against each other.
Regular Maintenance Checks
Even with the best cleaning practices, it’s important to have your ruby jewelry inspected regularly by a professional jeweler. Over time, the prongs or settings holding the ruby in place may weaken, increasing the risk of the stone becoming loose or falling out. Regular checks can help catch these issues early, ensuring your ruby remains secure and in pristine condition.
Common Mistakes to Avoid When Cleaning Rubies
1. Using Abrasive Materials
One of the most common mistakes is using abrasive materials or harsh chemicals to clean rubies. These can scratch the gemstone’s surface or damage any treatments. Always stick to mild soaps and soft-bristled brushes.
2. Overexposure to Heat
Exposing rubies to excessive heat, either through hot water or direct sunlight during drying, can cause thermal shock or fading of the gemstone’s color. Always use lukewarm water for cleaning and dry the ruby in a shaded area.
3. Ignoring the Setting
When cleaning ruby jewelry, it’s easy to focus solely on the gemstone and overlook the metal setting. However, dirt and grime can accumulate in the setting, affecting the overall appearance of the piece. Make sure to clean the setting carefully, especially in hard-to-reach areas.
4. Skipping Professional Cleanings
While at-home cleaning is essential, it should not replace professional cleanings. A jeweler can provide a deeper clean and inspect the ruby and its setting for any signs of wear or damage.
Conclusion
Natural rubies are not just beautiful gemstones; they are investments that can last a lifetime when cared for properly. Cleaning your ruby correctly involves understanding the delicate balance between preserving its natural beauty and ensuring its structural integrity. By following the steps outlined in this article—using mild cleaning solutions, avoiding harsh chemicals, and taking care with treated stones—you can maintain your ruby’s brilliance and keep it shining for generations to come.
Proper care doesn’t end with cleaning. Regular maintenance, safe storage, and professional inspections are all crucial components of ruby care. By being mindful of how you handle and clean your ruby, you can ensure that this stunning gemstone remains a symbol of beauty and luxury in your collection.
In conclusion, the process of cleaning a natural ruby may seem straightforward, but it requires a careful and informed approach. Whether you are a gemstone enthusiast or someone who owns a treasured piece of ruby jewelry, knowing how to clean and care for your ruby will help preserve its value and beauty for years to come.
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